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The reporter occupies an important place in news reporting. He/she is the ear and the eye of his/her medium. It is what he/she reports that the audience will know about. He/she touches lives with his report. As such, a reporter must possess certain attributes for him/her to function properly. Nose for news: A reporter lives on news, he must have an instinct for news, and that is, he should be able to identify a newsworthy event. He should be able to generate news from anyone no matter how important or insignificant that person is. Good command of written and spoken language of his medium:  To do your job well, you must be proficient in the language of the news. This will enable you to learn as many things as possible. The present trend towards specialization in news reporting makes it mandatory for reporters to learn as much as possible on the subject they are assigned to, such as politics, science, labour, economics and history. Speed and accuracy: As a reporter, you have to bear ...

The sub-editor has the power of life or death over all the newspaper’s material that reaches him. Thus, the responsibility of the sub-editor is really enormous. A newspaper receives its copy from a variety of sources like reporters, correspondents, telephones, news agency reports and verbal communications. All this information is filtered by the sub-editor. The sub-editor has to take into consideration the policy of his newspaper before allowing a news item to be published. He has to breathe life into some dead matter lying before him so that the story is made lively. Sometimes, he tones down a story, if it is too dangerous, to make it safe. There is no doubt that the make-up of a newspaper is the reflection of the sub-editor’s appreciation of news value. RESPONSIBILITIES OF SUB-EDITOR The principal test of sub-editorial capacity in the art of make­up is, of course, the appearance of the main news page. It is the page which the majority of the readers read first of all. Some very busy ...

  A news editor is a professional who manages the newsroom and oversees the production of news stories. They are responsible for assigning stories to journalists, reviewing and editing content, and ensuring that the newsroom operates smoothly and efficiently. News editors also play a critical role in making decisions about which stories to cover and how to prioritize coverage. They may consult with other editors, reporters, or producers to determine which stories are most newsworthy and relevant to their audience. Responsibilities of News Editors Managing and leading a team of journalists Planning and assigning news coverage Conducting research and fact-checking Editing and revising news stories Collaborating with other departments Ensuring timely publication Types of News Editors Managing Editor Assignment Editor Copy Editor Breaking News Editor Digital Editor Photo Editor Functions of News Editors Managing and leading a team of journalists Planning and assigning news coverage Con...

Masthead - The name of the magazine displayed in the typeface in which it is designed. This is the visual branding of the title and is usually done in a unique typeface to be very recognizable.  Selling line - Short, sharp description of the title's main marketing point ('The world's No 1 magazine for young women') or perhaps setting out its editorial philosophy.  Dateline - Month and year of publication, often with the price. Note that a monthly magazine usually hits the news-stands the month before the cover date.  Main image - In the case of this cover there is a single image of the model Shania. It is used in a classic way, the face is big enough to make an impact on the news-stand, with the model making full eye-contact.  Main cover line - This is very large - taking up about a quarter of the cover area - and comes in three layers, each with a different color. Note it is positioned against the model's shoulder so it shows up clearly.  Cover lines - Cosmo...

Irrespective of the idea or the budget there are always some fixed elements that must be present in order to make any layout visually appealing and pleasant to the eyes. Following are some of the basic elements of a layout:  1. Colour  Colour is a very important element in a layout planning. A poor choice of colour may ruin the whole layout. While choosing a colour, the theme, the idea behind and the target audience must be kept in mind. While talking of colour, both text and background colour must be taken into account. The text colour must contrast well with the background colour. It is advisable not to put light-coloured text on a light background or put dark-coloured text on a dark background as it will badly affect the ability of the reader to read the text. Once a colour is chosen, the purpose of using it must be justified and a strong reason for it to be given. Colours are not present merely to make the design look bright and attractive. Rather, each colour has its own ...

 Page layout is the part of graphic design that deals in the arrangement and style treatment of elements (contents) on a page. A page of a book or a magazine is similar to the brick of a building. Every page has a definite layout. When it comes to the layout, there are several elements within it that need to be taken care of. Design is the creation of a plan for the construction of an object or a system. It helps in laying the foundation in the formation of any new object or system. And, when it comes to the page designing, layout plays a pivotal role in graphic design. Layout refers to the arrangement of various elements on a page. It usually refers to a specific placement of image, text and style. Understanding the layout of design is very important because of the fact that it is the layout which makes a page presentable, readable and appealing to the eyes. If the layout is not correctly understood, there is a probability that the message that needs to be conveyed might be l...

During the primitive times the command of the ruler used to be conveyed to the people through the beat of the drums.  The similar method was used in conveying information pertaining to different matters. Verbal words also used to the spread to establish communication with the people. A stage came when with the spread of betray information used to be pasted on the walls. Later on the printing presses replaced all these news sources and information in the printed forms were conveyed to the people when the newspapers, started their publication they became the biggest source of news as they are today. The newspaper over a period of time have developed their own techniques and methods to carry information to their readers. Similar was the case with the news agencies who developed their own agencies who developed their own methods to carry information from their offices to the office of their subscribers that is news’ papers. The news agencies also developed their links outside their own...

What is Freelancer? An individual who makes money on a per-job basis is a freelancer. They usually earn on a per-task basis and generally work for a short time. In simpler terms, they do not work for a firm. Thus, they enjoy the liberty to work on various jobs for different clients simultaneously. However, if they're in a contract to work exclusively for a particular client, they cannot pick up other tasks till they've completed that project. Let's take a look at the definition to understand clearly what is freelancer. Freelancer Definition An independent labourer earning wages per job is known as a freelancer. They usually take up short-term tasks. They enjoy the freedom of working from home at flexible times. Thus, it allows them to balance their work-life better. For instance, a freelancer is a graphic designer who takes up projects to design logos for a company. A freelancer can work full-time or part-time, depending on their contract. These independent contractors star...

When viewing a printed sample it is often difficult to tell which process has been used simply by looking at it with the naked eye. However, if a printed sample of the text area is examined with the use of a magnifying glass, the following characteristics are visible.  • Clean edges around Lithographic print  • Outline edges around Flexographic/Letterpress print  • Dotted edges around Gravure print  • Coarse/dotted edges or clean edges around Screen print, depending on screen mesh used  It is undoubtedly a considerable asset to be able to determine with reasonable accuracy the printing process or processes by which an item of printed matter has been produced. There are a number of characteristics or clues which, if they can be discerned, make identification of the process possible, but not necessarily simple. Indeed, there are some jobs where it is very difficult to identify the relevant process or processes, even to those having considerable experience, and the...

  Offset Printing  Advantages • Suitable for a very wide range of work, from short‐ to long‐run  • Wide range of substrates able to be printed to a high standard  • Fine screen and high definition printed work even on relatively coarse substrates  • Wide range of printing plate material available to suit different applications and requirements ‐   eg   • paper and plastic/polyester plates used mainly for small  ‐offset, short‐run applications in generally non‐process work,    • negative‐ working and positive working presensitised metal plates used mainly for high quality, fine definition work  • High definition reproduction of typematter, line and tone illustrations  • Widest range of presses available of all the printing processes  • Machine speeds generally competitive across a wide range of printing quantities  • Convenient to store films or plates for possible reprints.  Limitati...